How do you prepare for Speaking Task 4? Share your strategy for understanding the academic passage and the lecture, and explain how you connect both when speaking. Include any useful phrases (e.g., “The passage explains that...”, “The professor adds that...”).
Respond to one peer by adding a phrase, tip, or improvement suggestion to their strategy.

1) Pearson correlation, 2) Spearman's rho, 3) Chi-square test.
In 150 words, discuss when each test is appropriate and how they help identify relationships between variables.
Mention the importance of assumptions like normality and measurement level.
Reply to at least one peer with a thoughtful comment or question.

Choose a factual information question you got wrong in a past TOEFL reading practice (Reflection in teaching, Question 21). Share your original answer, the correct one, and your reasoning. Then, reflect: What was your mistake—misreading, guessing, or misinterpreting a detail?
Reply to one peer by comparing their mistake with yours.
Together, suggest a strategy to avoid similar errors in the future.

Continuing our exploration of critical thinking, let's focus on inductive reasoning and its application in crafting arguments. Discuss the principles of inductive generalizations, evaluating their strengths and weaknesses. Share your insights on statistical arguments and the role of analogy in reasoning. Additionally, we’ll delve into the process of finding and evaluating sources, emphasizing the importance of credible information. Finally, let's cover best practices for writing argumentative essays, including thesis development and effective organization. Engage with at least two peers’ posts to enhance your understanding and writing skills!

As we progress in our discussions, let’s focus on evaluating arguments and understanding different logical forms. Discuss what constitutes a "good argument" and when it is reasonable to accept a premise. Share experiences where you had to refute an argument and the strategies you used. We will also explore categorical and propositional logic, including categorical statements and syllogisms, as well as conjunctions, disjunctions, and conditionals. Engage with at least two peers’ posts to practice these concepts and refine your analytical skills!