In a pediatric evaluation, the first step is to create a safe and friendly environment. Children are not small adults; they need a different approach to feel comfortable and secure. The doctor should always introduce themselves and speak gently to both the child and their caregiver. It is important to gain the child’s trust before starting any examination.

The medical history must include prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal events, along with information about vaccinations, past illnesses, and family history. During the physical exam, observation is key. The child’s general appearance, posture, breathing, and behavior provide valuable information. Each part of the body must be examined carefully, following a head-to-toe approach.

Age-specific developmental milestones must be assessed to detect any delays. Growth parameters like weight, height, and head circumference should be measured and compared to standard growth charts. The neurological exam is essential, including reflexes, tone, and coordination. Emotional and social behavior should also be observed, as they give clues about the child’s mental health.

Lastly, communication with the caregiver is fundamental. They often provide important details and must understand the diagnosis and plan clearly. A good pediatric evaluation is not just about checking the body, but understanding the child as a whole.