The premises you include in the arguments must logically support the conclusion in order to make a good argument. A clear, well-founded, and valid argument is based on evidence, logic, and proven facts.
For instance, once during a conversation, people were talking about how much money they have and how they got it. My neighbor said, "If someone is poor, it’s because they don't like working." I did not agree with that argument because there are external factors that influence people's economic situation, like education or job opportunities. So I gave examples of people who have worked very hard, but their economy is not good enough. Therefore, it could be a hasty generalization because there isn't enough evidence to prove the argument.
In categorical logic, we have to write statements, but they must be related to each other, between groups or categories. For instance: 
All S are P: All birds are animals.
No S are P: No birds are mammals.
Some S are P: Some birds are flightless.
Some S are not P: Some books are not interesting.

The statements you write are usually represented with Venn diagrams to make them valid. On the other hand, prepositional logic helps us to understand abstract arguments. For instance: 

• Conjunction (p & q):  Luis is a teacher, and he is a writer.

• Disjunction (p v q):  My mom will travel to Spain or Mexico.

• Conditional (p → q):  If it rains, the streets will be wet.

Finally, I would like to share an example of a correct or valid argument: 

• Premise 1: If I study, I will pass the test. (p → q)

• Premise 2: I studied. (p)

• Conclusion: I passed the test. (q)