The head-to-toe pediatric examination is an essential procedure in the clinical evaluation of children, allowing for the identification of signs of illness or developmental disorders. It begins with hand hygiene and a review of vital signs, followed by inspection and palpation of the head for structural abnormalities. A neurological evaluation is key, including reflexes, coordination, and response to stimuli, as it allows for the detection of developmental or neurological disorders. Semiological tools such as the reflex hammer, otoscope, and stethoscope are used to evaluate hearing, vision, and pulmonary and cardiac auscultation. Abdominal inspection and palpation of peripheral pulses help identify systemic problems. The musculoskeletal examination assesses strength, muscle tone, and symmetry of movements. Evaluating gait, posture, and the spine is essential to detect orthopedic disorders. A detailed physical and neurological examination in pediatrics contributes to the early diagnosis and timely management of pathologies.